The Office for National Statistics said the number rose 0.6% to 60.2 million in the year to June 2005. England accounts for 50.4 million of the total.
It was the biggest annual rise since 1962, fuelled by migration from new EU countries and an ageing population.
The population has been rising since the Industrial Revolution. In 1911 there were 42 million people.
The ONS figures are estimates collated from birth and death records and International Passenger Survey data on foreign citizens staying in the UK for more than 12 months.
Northern Ireland, which saw a 0.8% rise in population registered the fastest growth. England's population grew by 0.7%, Scotland was up 0.3% and Wales 0.2%.
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